Imboni yezimoto zikagesi eEC ibisebenza ngejubane elikhulu. Izimoto ezingaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-1,7 zagingqa umugqa womhlangano ngonyaka owedlule, ezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu kusukela ngo-1999. Uma kuqhubeka ukukhula ngesilinganiso esisanda kwenzeka, irekhodi lomlando lezimoto zikagesi eziyizigidi eziyi-1,9 ezibekwe ngonyaka we-1972 zizophulwa eminyakeni embalwa. NgoJulayi 25, uYundong, ongumnikazi we-mini brand, umemezele ukuthi kuzokhiqiza imodeli kagesi yonke yale moto ehlanganisiwe e-Oxford kusukela ku-Netherlands ngemuva kwenkomba ye-brexit.
Kodwa-ke, isimo sezimoto siyisikhathi sobabili ne-melancholic. Naphezu kwesimemezelo sikaYunjong, bambalwa abantu abasekukhululeke ngekusasa lesikhathi eside lomkhakha. Ngempela, abanye abantu bakhathazeka ngokuthi iReferendum yonyaka odlule ingahle ibadumaze.
Abakhiqizi babona ukuthi ukujoyina i-European Union kuzosiza ukonga ukukhiqiza izimoto zaseBrithani. Ukuhlanganiswa kwemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene yemoto ngaphansi kweBritish Leyland kwakuyinhlekelele. Ukuncintisana kucindezelwe, ukutshalwa kwezimali kukhule, futhi ubudlelwano bezabasebenzi buye buwohlokile, ngakho-ke abaphathi abaphoqelele kulowokucunuli kwadingeka bagweme imicibisholo. Kwakungekho kuze kube ngu-1979 lapho abenzi bezimoto baseJapan beholwa yiHonda efuna ukuthekelisa izisekelo eYurophu, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwaqala ukwehla. IBrithani yajoyina lokho okwabizwa ngokuthi yi-European Economic Community ngo-1973, okuvumela lezi zinkampani ukungena emakethe enkulu. Imithetho yezabasebenzi yase-UK eguquguqukayo kanye nobungcweti bezobunjiniyela bezengezile isikhalazo.
Into ekhathazayo ukuthi i-Brexit izokwenza izinkampani zakwamanye amazwe zicabange kabusha. Isitatimende esisemthethweni seToyota, Nissan, Honda kanye nezinye izimoto eziningi ukuthi bazolinda umphumela wezingxoxo eBrussels Next Fall. Abantu bamabhizinisi babika ukuthi selokhu alahlekelwe yiningi lakhe ekukhethweni ngoJuni, uTheresa kungenzeka ukuthi uzimisele ngokwengeziwe ukubalalela. Ikhabethe libonakala likhona ekugcineni labona ukuthi kuzodingeka isikhathi sokushintshwa ngemuva kokuthi i-United Kingdom ishiye inyunyana yase-Europe ngoMashi 2019. Ukungazinzi kukahulumeni omncane kaNkk. Kwangathi kungakwenza kube nzima ukufinyelela esivumelwaneni nhlobo.
Ukungaqiniseki kubangele ukulahleka. Engxenyeni yokuqala yonyaka we-2017, ukutshalwa kwezimoto ezisebenza ngezimoto kufakwe amakhilogremu ayizigidi ezingama-322 (kuqhathaniswa namakhilogremu angama-1,7 amakhilogremu ngonyaka we-2016 naku-2,5 billion ngo-2015. Ukukhishwa kunqabile. Umphathi owodwa ukholelwa ukuthi, njengoba uNks. Mei eceliwe, ithuba lokuthola ukufinyelela emakethe eyodwa ekhethekile yezimoto "zero". UMike Hales waseSMMT, umzimba wemboni, uthe noma ngabe isivumelwano sesifinyelelwa, nakanjani sizobe sibi ukwedlula izimo zamanje.
Esimweni esibi kakhulu, uma kungekho sivumelwano sokuhweba okufinyelelwe, imithetho ye-World Trade Organisation izosho imali eyi-10% ezimotweni ezimotweni kanye nentengo engu-4,5% ezingxenyeni ezithile. Lokhu kungadala ukulimala: ngokwesilinganiso, ama-60% ezingxenye zemoto eyenziwe e-UK angeniswa evela e-European Union; Ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza izimoto, ezinye izingxenye zizobuyela emuva phakathi kwe-UK neYurophu izikhathi eziningi.
UMnu. Hales uthe kuzoba nzima kumakhemikhali emakethe enkulu ukunqoba amanani entela. Imishado yenzuzo eYurophu iphakathi 5-10%. Ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu kwenze amafektri amaningi e-UK asebenza kahle, ngakho-ke kunendawo encane yokusika izindleko. Ithemba elilodwa ukuthi izinkampani zizimisele ukubheja ukuthi i-brexit izokwehlisa unomphela iphawundi libe yimali ekhokhwayo; Kusukela kunqunyelwe, iphawundi liwele ama-15% ngokumelene ne-euro.
Kodwa-ke, amanani entela kungenzeka angabi yinkinga enkulu kunazo zonke. Ukwethulwa kokulawulwa kwamasiko kuzovimba ukugeleza kwezingxenye ngesiteshi sesiNgisi, ngaleyo ndlela kuvimbela ukuhlelwa kwasefektri. Ukusungula okuncane kwe-wafer kunganciphisa izindleko. Ukusungula izingxenye eziningi zihlanganisa ingxenye yesigamu kuphela sokukhiqizwa kosuku, ngakho-ke ukugeleza okubikezelekile kubalulekile. Ingxenye yokulethwa esiteshini saseNissan Sunderland ihlelelwe ukuthi iphothulwe kungakapheli imizuzu eyi-15. Ukuvumela ukuhlolwa kwamasiko kusho ukugcina izinto ezintsha ngezindleko eziphakeme.
Naphezu kwalezi zingqinamba, kuzolandelwa abanye abenzi bezimoto balandele i-BMW futhi batshale imali e-UK? Kusukela i-referendum, i-BMW akuyona ukuphela kwenkampani ukumemezela amaphrojekthi amasha. Ngo-Okthoba, uNissan uthe kuzokhiqiza i-Qashqai yesizukulwane esilandelayo ne-X-Trail SUVS eSunderland. Ngo-Mashi walo nyaka, iToyota ithe izotshala amakhilogremu angama-240 million ukwakha ifektri esifundeni esimaphakathi. AbakwaBrexiteers bathola lokhu njengobufakazi bokuthi imboni izothuthumela noma kunjalo.
Lokho kunethemba. Isizathu esisodwa sokutshala imali esanda kufika isikhathi eside semboni yezimoto: Kungathatha iminyaka emihlanu kusukela kwethulwa imodeli entsha ukukhiqizwa, ngakho-ke kwenziwa isinqumo kusengaphambili. UNissan wayehlele ukutshala imali eSunderland isikhathi esithile. Enye inketho yeBMW eNetherlands isho ukusebenzisa umkhiqizi wesivumelwano esikhundleni sefektri yeBMW-ephethwe - isinqumo esiyingozi samamodeli abalulekile.
Uma ifektri isivele ikhiqiza lolu hlobo lwemoto, kunengqondo ukwenza uhlobo olusha lwemodeli ekhona (njenge-mini kagesi). Lapho sakha imodeli entsha kusuka emhlabathini up, ama-automoker kungenzeka abheke phesheya kwezilwandle. Lokhu sekuvele kuchaziwe kucebo leBMW. Yize uMinis azohlanganiswa e-Oxford, amabhethri kanye nama-motors aqukethe bonke ubuchwepheshe obusha obuhle azothuthukiswa eJalimane.
Enye into esimemezelweni ngemuva kokuthi iReferendamu kwakunguhulumeni omkhulu. UNissan noToyota bathole "iziqinisekiso" ezingacaciswanga ezivela kuNgqongqoshe ukuthi izithembiso zabo ngeke zibavumele ukuba bakhokhe emaphaketheni abo ngemuva kweBrexit. Uhulumeni wenqabile ukudalula okuqukethwe okuqondile kwesithembiso. Akunandaba noma ngabe kuyini, akunakwenzeka ukuthi kube nezimali ezanele zawo wonke umtshali zimali, yonke imboni, noma unomphela.
Amanye amafektri abhekana nezingozi ezisheshayo. Ngo-Mashi walo nyaka, iqembu laseFrance PSA lithola i-Opel, elikhiqiza i-Vauxhall e-UK, okungenzeka ukuthi yizindaba ezimbi zabasebenzi bakwaVauxhall. I-PSA izofuna ukusika izindleko ukuze kulungiswe ukutholwa, futhi amafektri amabili e-Vauxhall angaba ohlwini.
Akuwona wonke ama-automoker azophuma. Njengoba umphathi ka-Own Martin u-Andy Palmer aboniswe, izimoto zakhe ezibizayo zemidlalo zikanokusho azilungele abantu abazwela intengo. Okufanayo kuhamba ama-roll-royce ngaphansi kweBMW, e-Bentley noMclaren ngaphansi kweVolkswagen. I-Jaguar Land Rover, umakhi wemoto omkhulu kakhulu we-Brithani, athunyelwa kwamanye amazwe angama-20% wokukhiqizwa kwawo e-European Union. Imakethe yasekhaya inkulu ngokwanele ukugcina umkhiqizo othile wasekhaya.
Noma kunjalo, uNick Oliver weNyuvesi yase-Edinburgh Business School uthe amanani aphezulu angaholela ekunikezelweni "kokufuduka okuhamba kancane." Ngisho nokunciphisa noma ukukhansela ukuthengiselana kwabo kuzolimaza ukuncintisana. Njengoba inethiwekhi yomhlinzeki wasekhaya kanye nezinye izimboni zincipha, abenzi bezimoto bazokuthola kunzima kakhulu ukuthengisa izingxenye. Ngaphandle kokutshalwa kwemali okukhulu kobuchwepheshe obusha njengogesi nokushayela okuzimele, izitshalo zaseBrithani zizoncika kakhulu ezingxenyeni ezingenisiwe. Ingozi yemoto yenzeke ngokuqwayiza kwamehlo. I-Brexit ingaba nemiphumela efanayo ehamba kancane ehamba kancane.
Le ndatshana ivele esigabeni sase-UK sohlelo lokuphrinta ngaphansi kwesihloko esithi "ukusheshisa okuncane, izingqinamba ezinkulu"
Kusukela incwadi yayo ngoSepthemba 1843, ibamba iqhaza 'emncintiswaneni onolaka phakathi kobuhlakani obuqhubekayo nokungazi okudelelayo, okunamahloni okuvimbela intuthuko yethu. "
Isikhathi sePosi: Jul-23-2021